港口建设费征收办法(附英文)
国务院
港口建设费征收办法(附英文)
1985年10月22日,国务院
第一条 为了加快港口建设,以适应经济发展的需要,特制定本办法。
第二条 对进出下列港口的货物,征收港口建设费:
大连、营口、秦皇岛、天津、烟台、青岛、石臼、连云港、上海、宁波、温州、福州、厦门、汕头、广州、黄埔、海口、八所、三亚、湛江、北海、防城、南京、镇江、张家港、南通。
第三条 港口建设费的义务缴费人(以下简称缴费人),为发货人(或其代理人)或收货人(或其代理人)。
第四条 对进出第二条所列港口的货物(含国内转港的外贸进出口货物),在水路运输全过程中只征收一次港口建设费。
第五条 港口建设费的征收标准,按照本办法所附《港口建设费费率表》执行。
第六条 下列货物免征港口建设费:
一、交通部颁发的港口费收规则中免征货物港务费的货物;
二、企业专用码头运输本企业生产所需要的原材料及其产品;
三、《港口建设费费率表》中免征的货物。
第七条 港口建设费的征收管理工作由交通部负责。第二条所列港口的港务管理局或装卸联合公司,为港口建设费的代征单位;代征单位指定的水上装卸单位以及与第二条所列港口实行联运的其他港口,为港口建设费的代收单位。
第八条 征收港口建设费不另制凭证。代征单位或代收单位应在现行的运输费用单证上增列港口建设费费目,在向缴费人核收运杂费时,一并核收港口建设费。
代收单位收到费款后,应在三日内向代征单位结算交付,不得截留、挪用。
第九条 港口建设费的收入列为交通部专户。代征单位必须在当地中国工商银行开立交通部港口建设费专户,并应在三日内将征收的费款存入专户,按月划缴交通部。代征单位对征收的费款只能存入和划转,不能动支。
第十条 港口建设费的收入,作为国家建设港口资金的一项来源。资金的使用,由交通部按照国家有关规定统一安排。
第十一条 交通部应检查代征单位或代收单位的收缴情况。
代征单位或代收单位不得漏征、错征港口建设费;如发现有漏征、错征时,必须及时补征、订正。
第十二条 缴费人不按照本办法缴纳港口建设费的,除追缴费款外,可酌情处以应缴费款五倍以下的罚款。
第十三条 缴费人同代征单位或代收单位在缴付港口建设费的问题上发生争议时,必须先按照代征单位或代收单位的决定缴费,然后向交通部申请复议,或直接向人民法院起诉。
第十四条 本办法由交通部负责解释;施行细则由交通部制定。
第十五条 本办法自一九八六年一月一日起施行。
附表
附: 港口建设费费率表
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | 费 率 (元/吨) |
| |--------------------------------------------------|
港 口 | 货 类 | 出 口 | 进 口 | 备 注
| |--------------------------------------------------|
| | 海 港 | 长江四港 | 海 港 | 长江四港 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
大连、营口、秦 | 石 油(包括原油) |3.00 | 1.50 |4.00 | 2.00 | 国内进口免证
皇岛、天津、烟台、|--------------------------------------------------------------------------│ 长江四港国内出口只征
青岛、石臼、连云 | 煤炭(包括焦炭)、钢| | | | |石油(包括原油)和煤炭
港、上海、宁波、温|铁(包括生铁)、金属 | 1.50| 0.80 |2.50 | 1.30 |(包括焦炭)两类
州、福州、厦门、汕|矿石、非金属矿石、水 | | | | |
头、广州、黄埔、海|泥、木材、化肥 | | | | |
口、八所、三亚、湛|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
江、北海、防城、南| 矿建材料、其他 | 1.50| 0.80 |2.50 | 1.30 | 国内进、出口免征
京、镇江、张家港、|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
南通 | 粮食、盐 | 0.50| 0.30 |1.00 | 0.50 |国内进口免征
| | | | | |长江四港国内进、出口免征
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|按体积吨(立方米)计费| 0.50| 0.30 |1.00 | 0.50 |按以上货类分征、免范围
|的货物 | | | | |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|国际集装箱|20英尺箱|12.50| 6.30 |25.00| 12.50|
| 货物 |--------------------------------------------------------------| 国内进、出口免征
|(元/箱)|40英尺箱|25.00|12.50 |50.00| 25.00|
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
说明:1.货物的计量单位及重量换算,按交通部颁发的港口费收规则办理。
2.国外进、出口的其他集装箱按其80%的内容积和进口1.00元/立方米、出口0.50元/立方米的费率计征港口建设费。
3.港口建设费的起码收费额为0.10元。
MEASURES CONCERNING COLLECTION OF HARBOUR TOLLS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
MEASURES CONCERNING COLLECTION OF HARBOUR TOLLS
(Promulgated by the State Council on October 22, 1985)
Article 1
These Measures are formulated in order to speed up harbour construction to
meet the needs of economic development.
Article 2
Harbour tolls shall be collected on the goods entering and leaving the
following harbours: Dalian, Yingkou, Qinhuangdao, Tianjin, Yantai,
Qingdao, Shijiu, Lianyungang, Shanghai, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Fuzhou, Xiamen,
Shantou, Guangzhou, Huangpu, Haikou, Basuo, Sanya, Zhanjiang, Beihai,
Fangcheng, Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Zhangjiagang and Nantong.
Article 3
Compulsory payers (hereinafter referred to as the "payers") of harbour
tolls shall be the consignors (or their agents) or the consignees (or
their agents).
Article 4
For those goods entering and leaving the harbours listed in Article 2
(including the imported and exported foreign trade goods being transferred
from harbour to harbour), harbour tolls shall be collected only once,
during the whole course of water transportation.
Article 5
Collection of harbour tolls shall be conducted according to the Table of
Harbour Tolls Rates attached to these Measures.
Article 6
The following goods shall be exempted from harbour tolls:
(1) the goods which are exempted from harbour dues according to the Rules
for Collection of Harbour Dues promulgated by the Ministry of
Communications;
(2) the raw and processed materials needed in production and the products
being transported by enterprises on their own wharves;
(3) the goods which are exempted from harbour tolls according to the Table
of Harbour Tolls Rates.
Article 7
The Ministry of Communications shall be responsible for the collection and
control of harbour tolls. The harbour authorities or the cargo handling
companies in the harbour listed in Article 2 shall be agencies for
collecting harbour tolls. The agencies may entrust the collection of
harbour tolls to loading and unloading units on the water as well as other
harbours engaged in through-transport with the harbours listed in Article
2.
Article 8
No separate bills shall be designed for the collection of harbour tolls.
The agencies and the entrusted collectors shall add the item of harbour
tolls in the existing bills for transport charges and collect harbour
tolls together with transport and sundry charges.
The entrusted collectors shall settle accounts with, and hand over the sum
of money, to the agencies within 3 days of the receipt of harbour tolls
and must not withhold or divert the same to other uses.
Article 9
The income from harbour tolls shall be deposited into a special account of
the Ministry of Communications. The agencies must open a special account
of harbour tolls for the Ministry of Communications at the local
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and must deposit the collected
funds into the account within 3 days of the receipt and transfer it to the
Ministry of Communications every month. The agencies are only empowered to
deposit and transfer the funds collected and must not use it.
Article 10
The income from harbour tolls is a source of State funds for harbour
construction. The use of the funds shall be arranged in a unified manner
by the Ministry of Communications according to the relevant stipulations
of the State.
Article 11
The Ministry of Communications shall check on the toll collection work of
the agencies or the entrusted collectors.
The agencies or entrusted collectors shall not fail to collect or wrongly
collect harbour tolls. If such mistakes occur, remedial steps must be
taken promptly.
Article 12
If a payer does not pay harbour tolls in accordance with these Measures,
in addition to being ordered to pay the tolls in full, he shall, depending
on the circumstances, be subject to a fine of no more than 5 times of the
sum due.
Article 13
If a dispute arises between a payer and an agency or an entrusted
collector over the payment of harbour tolls, the payer must pay the tolls
first according to the decision of the agency or entrusted collector and
then appeal to the Ministry of Communications for a reconsideration or
directly file a suit at a people's court.
Article 14
These Measures shall be interpreted by the Ministry of Communications,
which shall be responsible for formulating the rules for implementation.
Article 15
These Measures shall go into effect on January 1, 1986.
Appendix
Table of Harbour Toll Rates
|=============|======================================|==================================|
| | |Rate (yuan/Ton) |
| | |----------------------------------|
|Harbour | Goods | Export |
| | |----------------------------------|
| | |Seaport| Four Changjiang Harbours |
|=============|======================================|=======|==========================|
|Dalian | Petrolium (including crude oil) | 3.00 | 1.50 |
| |--------------------------------------|-------|--------------------------|
|Yingkou | | | |
|Qinhuangdao | | | |
|Tianjin | | | |
|Yantai | Coal (including coke), Iron and Steel| | |
|Qingdao | (including Pig iron), Metal Ores, | | |
|shijiu | Non-metal ores, Cement, Timber, | 1.50 | 0.80 |
|Lianyungang | chemical Fertilizer | | |
|Shanghai | | | |
|Ningbo | | | |
|Wenzhou |--------------------------------------|-------|--------------------------|
| | | | |
|Fuzhou | Mine Construction Materials, | | |
|Xiamen | Others | 1.50 | 0.80 |
|Shantou | | | |
|Guangzhou |--------------------------------------|-------|--------------------------|
| | | | |
|Huangpu | Grains, Salt | 0.50 | 0.30 |
|Haikou |--------------------------------------|-------|--------------------------|
|Basuo | | | |
|Sanya | Goods whose freight is calculated by | | |
|Zhangjiang | volume ton ( ) | 0.50 | 0.30 |
| | | | |
|Beihai |--------------------------------------|-------|--------------------------|
|Fangcheng | | | | |
|Nanjing | International | | | |
|Zhenjiang | Containerized | 20 ft |12.50 | 6.30 |
| | |------------------|-------|--------------------------|
|Zhangjiagang | Goods | 40 ft |25.00 | 12.50 |
|Nantong | (Yuan/Container) | | | |
|=============|======================================|=======|==========================|
|============|================================|======================================|
| |Rate (yuan/Ton) | |
| |--------------------------------| |
|Harbour | Import | Remark |
| |--------------------------------| |
| |SeaportFour|Changjiang Harbours | |
|============|===========|====================|======================================|
|Dalian |4.00 | 2.00 | Domestic imports are exempt from |
|Yingkou | | | harbour tolls |
| |-----------|--------------------|--------------------------------------|
|Qinhuangdao | | | |
|Tianjin | | | |
|Yantai | | | Domestic exports in the four Chang- |
|Qingdao | 2.50 | 1.30 | jiang Harbours are exempt from har- |
|shijiu | | | bour tolls except for petroleum (in- |
|Lianyuangang| | | cluding crude oil) and coal (in- |
|Shanghai | | | cluding coke). |
| | | | |
|Ningbo |-----------|--------------------|--------------------------------------|
|Wenzhou | | | |
|Fuzhou | 2.50 | 1.30 | Domestic imports and exports are |
|Xiamen | | | exempt from harbour tolls. |
|Shantou |-----------|--------------------|--------------------------------------|
|Guangzhou | | | domestic imports are exempt from |
|Huangpu | 1.00 | 0.50 | tolls. So are domestic imports and |
|Haikou | | | exports in the four Changjiang |
|Basuo | | | harbours. |
| |-----------|--------------------|--------------------------------------|
|Sanya | | | The scope of collection of or exemp- |
|Zhangjiang | 1.00 | 0.50 | tion from tolls shall be determined |
|Beihai | | | by the above categorization of |
|Fangcheng | | | goods. |
| |-----------|--------------------|--------------------------------------|
|Nanjing |25.00 | 12.50 | |
|Zhenjiang | | | domestic imports and exports are |
| |-----------|--------------------| |
|Zhangjiagang| | | exempt from harbour tolls |
|Nantong |50.00 | 25.00 | |
| | | | |
|============|===========|====================|======================================|
Notes:
1. The measures and conversion of weights of goods shall be handled
according to the rules for collecting harbour does issued by the Ministry
of Communications.
2. The harbour tolls for other containerized import and export shall be
calculated by 80% of their contents and the rate of 1.00 yuan/M for
import and yuan/M for export.
3. The minimun harbour toll is 1.10 yuan.
央企负责人薪酬之我见
张喜亮
人保部会同有关部门制定了《关于进一步规范中央企业负责人薪酬管理的指导意见》,这个文件对于规范央企负责人薪酬具有一定的指导意义。这个文件确立了规范央企负责人薪酬五项原则,加大了对其业绩考核与监督的力度;但是,似乎并没有得到舆论界的认同,各种质疑声纷呈。
首先要弄清文件的精神实质,即该文件并非“高管限薪令”。就这个文件出台的背景来说,媒体是将其定位于“央企高管高薪”遭诟病而须制定“限薪令”。无论文件制定的背景被外界定义为什么,就该文件的精神实质而言,其并非是“限薪令”,我以为应当视其为央企负责人薪酬之“规范”。既然并非“限薪令”,那么从限制央企负责人薪酬角度理解和评说,对该文件而言则有失公允,或曰无的放矢。
其次要正视现实。就文件本身而言,实际上是对国有企业改革以来逐步摸索出来的,尤其是近几年国资委对央企负责人薪酬标准考核办法的进一步完善和规范。实践证明,国资委建立起来的央企负责人薪酬考核办法对于促进央企的改革和发展起到积极的作用,国资委成立以来央企的活力和业绩以及对国民经济的贡献是有目共睹的。当然,其中还存在着很多问题,还需要不断地完善。在目前的国内外经济环境下,对央企负责人薪酬进行彻底的改革,推翻既有的考核办法,时机显然也不够成熟。这个现实情况是无法回避的。
从学术界和媒体的一些观点为分析,我们看到的是对于这个央企负责人薪酬的质疑和批评声音不绝于耳,但是,真正具有建设性的意见稀缺。所谓建设性意见,就是指从央企在国民经济中的地位、作用及历史的包袱和激发央企活力与发展的角度设计更合理的负责人薪酬的建议。从央企的管理者角度来说,更迫切的是需要这样的建设性意见。
央企负责人薪酬遭遇诟病,这个问题必须透过现象看本质。
央企负责人的薪酬与职工工资差距过大,这是一个不容否认的事实,形成这种差距的原因是错综复杂的。但是,现在的问题并不是差距大小的问题,而是价值取向问题。就现在的情况看,包括指导意见所采用的价值观念即把两者联动起来,差距过大遭到诟病就是一个误解的话题。从理论上说,薪酬与工资并不是一回事儿,收入与工资、薪酬也不是一个同等的概念,--这个问题至今没有得到法律法规的规范定义。既然央企负责人拿的是薪酬,那么,与职工的工资联动比较就缺乏理据。如果一定要比较,可以先界定工资的概念,然后再进行两者工资部分的比较。如果仅仅从工资进行比较的话,两者的差距绝对不会是人们所唾弃的那么。
据调查显示,两者差距过大的深层次原因不是针对央企负责人的薪酬的过高的问题,而是职工的工资收入确实过低。从政府发布的工资增长数字看,职工的平均工资水平增长幅度确实很大,而实际上职工个体可支配收入是相对较低的。比如北京市在岗职工的60%都没有达到社会平均工资标准,这就可想而知大多数职工的工资是何等的低。另外,值得特别注意的是央企负责人产生的标准、条件、程序及其个人工作作风等等,是不被多数职工认可的,这是诟病央企负责人薪酬的另一个重要的原因。当然,企业内部的职工薪酬制度不合理的原因也必须引起重视。据调查,企业薪酬制度基本上就是“官本位”即以其职位高低做为基本标准确定职工的工资,有此一般职工甚至是工程技术人员永远不可能拿到中层干部的工资标准,当职工的贡献与其工资不能成为正比例关系的时候,产生矛盾就在所难免。
诟病企业负责人薪酬只是问题的现象而不是本质。央企负责人薪酬指导意见,只是一个“意见”而已,这个“意见”无法肩负起解决负责人薪酬与职工工资的差距问题的重任。彻底解决这个问题,需要设计一套各自独立的评定体系。
a2920@126.com